Bulletin of Computer Science Research

Sistem Informasi Penerimaan Siswa Baru Terintegrasi Berbasis Web Menggunakan Extreme Programming

Dinda Fahmilia — 2026-10-06

The new student admission process in many vocational high schools is still carried out manually, causing accumulated paper files, recording errors, slow data retrieval, and delayed reporting. Prior studies generally stop at digitising the registration form and have not integrated the entire admission service chain into a single system. This study aims to design, build, and test a web-based admission information system that integrates seven service stages sequentially, namely public information delivery, online account registration and enrolment, payment proof upload, payment verification, online selection test, self-service admission announcement based on the registration number, and recapitulation as well as cross-period comparison reporting. The novelty lies in integrating that service chain into one application with three-role access control and built-in framework security mechanisms. The system was developed using the Extreme Programming method through the planning, design, coding, and testing stages with the Laravel framework and a MySQL database consisting of eleven relational tables. Functional testing applied black box testing based on equivalence partitioning and boundary value analysis covering seventeen positive scenarios and fifteen failure scenarios, complemented by boundary input validation and verification of security mechanisms against SQL injection and XSS. The test results show that the system meets the functional needs of the admission committee and prospective students and rejects invalid input as designed, making it feasible for improving the efficiency, accuracy, and traceability of admission administration.

Implementasi Sistem Digital dalam Pengelolaan Surat Izin Keluar Karyawan dari Area Perusahaan Terintegrasi Notifikasi E-Mail

Riska Hidayah Putri — 2026-10-06

Paper-based employee exit permits hinder approval tracing, data recapitulation, and coordination with security personnel. This study implements SIKAK Online, a web-based work-area exit permit system integrated with email notifications at PT Vision Ease Asia. Development followed a prototyping approach comprising requirements communication, rapid design, prototype construction, user evaluation, and refinement. Requirements were gathered through observation, interviews, and document review, and the application was developed using PHP and MySQL. Evaluation comprised black-box functional testing, checks covering ten security aspects, and a 20-item Likert-scale questionnaire administered to 46 respondents. The test summary reported that all 24 functional scenarios passed and that security checks produced responses consistent with the mechanisms examined. Of 920 possible item responses, 916 valid responses yielded an actual score of 4,065 out of an ideal score of 4,580, equivalent to 88.76%; perceived usefulness obtained the highest indicator score, 90.43%. The questionnaire results describe users’ assessments of the system. This study contributes an implemented exit–return permit workflow integrating submission, supervisor approval, email notifications, monitoring by security personnel, reporting, and activity logs. Its empirical contribution is an initial evaluation of functionality, security mechanisms, and user perceptions to inform the development of traceable permit administration in a manufacturing setting. The findings support an initial evaluation of digital permit administration, with further research needed on service-time measurement, instrument validation, and more extensive security testing.

Segmentasi Permintaan Pelanggan Paket Dekorasi Wedding Menggunakan K-Means Berbasis Web

Nuraina Nuraina — 2026-10-06

This study aims to analyze customer demand segmentation for wedding decoration packages using a web-based K-Means algorithm at PT. WPD. The research problem is the manual processing of historical customer data, which requires considerable time and may cause errors in grouping. The dataset consists of 250 historical customer records randomly selected from 500 transaction records for the January–December 2025 period to obtain a representative sample and accelerate model testing without reducing the variation in customer characteristics. The modeling attributes include package price or budget, decoration theme, number of add-ons, and venue scale, with categorical attributes (decoration theme and venue scale) converted into numerical values through label encoding before all numerical attributes were normalized using Min-Max Normalization. The research stages consist of observation, interviews, literature study, data collection, preprocessing, normalization, cluster determination (K=3) using the Elbow method based on the Within-Cluster Sum of Squares (WCSS) value, K-Means implementation, web-based system implementation, and testing. The analysis produced three customer segments: an economy/budget segment containing 60 customers, a middle/personalization segment containing 50 customers, and a premium/exclusive segment containing 140 customers. The premium segment is the largest group and is dominated by customers choosing the Classic International Elegance package with high budgets, extensive add-ons, and large-scale venues. The web-based system successfully automates data processing and clustering and provides analytical results to support evaluation and marketing strategies. A questionnaire involving 20 respondents on user acceptance and perceived usefulness of the system resulted in a score of 88%, categorized as very strong, reflecting user acceptance of the system rather than the accuracy of the K-Means algorithm.

Klasifikasi Tingkat Kepuasan Tamu Terhadap Pelayanan Hotel Menggunakan Metode Decision Tree

Junaidy Pratama — 2026-10-06

In the highly competitive era of the modern hospitality industry, service quality, cleanliness, and the completeness of facilities are the main pillars in maintaining guest loyalty and business reputation. Hotel NICI, as one of the accommodation service providers, faces challenges in extracting valuable insights from the accumulation of large-volume guest feedback survey data. This study aims to systematically classify the level of guest satisfaction with Hotel NICI's services using a Decision Tree machine learning algorithm based on survey data. The dataset used covers various evaluation dimensions, particularly guests' perceptions of staff service quality, the cleanliness level of hotel areas, and the functionality of the facilities provided. To produce a valid model, the raw data first undergoes a series of rigorous preprocessing stages. These stages include handling missing values using imputation methods, normalizing nomenclature or column names for data consistency, as well as[1] converting qualitative textual responses into structured categories, namely 'satisfied', 'fairly satisfied', and 'dissatisfied'. To determine the global sentiment label, a majority voting approach is applied to consolidate the three satisfaction dimensions into a single target variable representing the overall guest satisfaction category. Subsequently, these categorical features along with the target variable are numerically encoded using the label encoding technique, then divided into training data (training set) and testing data (testing set) with a proportional ratio of 80:20. The Decision Tree Classifier model is trained by optimizing the tree depth parameter to prevent overfitting.

Analisis Korelasi Dimensi End User Computing Satisfaction (EUCS) terhadap Kepuasan Pengguna Internal Website Pemerintahan Daerah

Muhammad Habib — 2026-10-06

Local government websites are usually evaluated from the perspective of the public as external users, whereas the perceptions of internal users who are close to the information provision process remain rarely examined, particularly for provincial communication and informatics office websites; prior studies on government websites also tend to involve the public as respondents or stop at describing satisfaction per dimension without testing which dimension is most strongly associated with overall satisfaction. This study aims to measure the satisfaction of internal users with the South Sumatra Provincial Communication and Informatics Office (Diskominfo) website and to identify the End User Computing Satisfaction (EUCS) dimensions most strongly associated with overall user satisfaction. Data were collected through a five-point Likert questionnaire from 80 purposively selected Diskominfo employees and analyzed using validity testing, reliability testing, mean analysis, and Pearson correlation. All items were valid and all dimensions were reliable (Cronbach’s Alpha 0.779–0.842). Mean scores of the five dimensions ranged from 3.00 to 3.15 (moderately satisfied), with Ease of Use the highest (3.15) and Accuracy the lowest (3.00). Correlations with overall satisfaction were strongest for Format (r = 0.78) and Content (r = 0.71), while Ease of Use (r = 0.45), Accuracy (r = 0.40), and Timeliness (r = 0.32) showed lower correlations. These findings indicate association rather than causation and apply only to the study sample. The contribution of this study is to provide empirical evidence on the EUCS dimensions most strongly associated with internal user satisfaction on a provincial communication and informatics office website, providing a basis for prioritizing improvements in display quality and content completeness, and for strengthening the verification of information accuracy.

Sistem Pembayaran Siswa Berbasis Web dengan Metode Web Engineering untuk Digitalisasi Administrasi Sekolah

Indri Agustari — 2026-10-06

The administration of student payments at SMK Muhammadiyah 03 Palembang still relies on administrative ledgers and Microsoft Excel, so payment data is not integrated into a single database, data retrieval and report recapitulation take a relatively long time, paper-based payment receipts are prone to damage or loss, and students and parents cannot independently monitor their billing and arrears status. This study aims to develop a web-based student payment system that integrates student data management, invoice issuance, payment transactions, and reporting within a single centralized database using role-based access control. This study applies a descriptive qualitative approach with data collected through observation, interviews with the school payment officer, and a literature review. System development applies the Web Engineering method at the communication, planning, modeling, and construction stages, while the system design is modeled using use case, class, and activity diagrams. The system is implemented using the PHP programming language with the Laravel framework, an SQLite database, Tailwind CSS, and JavaScript. The resulting system provides five access rights, namely secretary, treasurer, student, parent, and principal, and is able to manage tuition contribution fees, registration fees, and re-registration fees through two channels, namely cash recording by the treasurer and bank transfer with proof upload and treasurer validation. Black box testing of 14 functional scenarios across all user roles produced a conformity rate of 100% with a valid status. The novelty lies in integrating three payment types, two payment channels, and five user roles, including parents and the principal, in one unified system.

Konsolidasi Pelaporan Multi-Divisi pada Sistem Informasi Eksekutif Berbasis Web Menggunakan Rapid Application Development

Riesty Herlia Mawarti — 2026-10-07

Executive decision making requires concise, up-to-date, and consolidated information, whereas operational reporting in energy support service companies is generally still scattered across divisions, so the information has to be collected and checked manually before it can be used. This research aims to design and build a web-based Executive Information System that consolidates the reports of four operational divisions, namely General Affair, Human Resource Development, Engineering Rig & Development, and Transport, into a single shared reporting structure and presents them as executive indicators. The system was developed using the Rapid Application Development method in four phases: requirements planning through observation, interviews, documentation, and literature study; user design producing process models, database structure, indicator mapping, and twelve interface wireframes; construction using the PHP programming language and a MySQL database iteratively through prototypes; and cutover consisting of final testing, user training, and system implementation. This research offers three contributions: (1) the design of a lightweight consolidation layer that maps the heterogeneous indicators of four divisions into a single shared reporting structure, so that the benefits of an Executive Information System can be obtained without building a data warehouse; (2) the application of Rapid Application Development in the Executive Information System domain, which has so far been dominated by sequential approaches, with the executive involved directly in every prototyping cycle; and (3) a tiered presentation pattern from summary to detail combined with role-based access control, so that inter-divisional data confidentiality is preserved when the reports are consolidated. The resulting system implements fifteen functional requirements across twelve interface pages and shortens the executive information retrieval flow from five manual cross-division steps into a single dashboard access, while reducing the number of information sources that must be opened from four divisional report files into one integrated interface, equivalent to an 80% reduction in the number of steps and a 75% reduction in the number of information sources. Black box testing of nine scenarios representing all functional requirements produced valid results in every scenario (100%), therefore the system is declared functionally valid within the tested prototype scope. The limitations of this research are that the system still runs on a local network, data updates depend on divisional user input, and advanced analytics such as trend analysis, forecasting, and anomaly detection are not yet available; these become the agenda for the further research.

Pengembangan Sistem Monitoring Data Keuangan Berbasis Web Menggunakan Metode MOORA

Anief Fauzan Rozi — 2026-10-09

Financial data monitoring is a crucial aspect of vocational high school administration. SMK Ma’arif 1 Temon still performs financial recording and recapitulation manually and semi-computerized using office applications, potentially causing data duplication, reporting delays, and weak long-term decision-making. This research aims to develop a web-based financial data monitoring system and apply the Multi-Objective Optimization on the Basis of Ratio Analysis (MOORA) method to rank student payment priorities. Software development uses the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) waterfall model, while the decision model uses MOORA with three objective criteria: SPP payment (C1, benefit, weight 0.5), arrears (C2, cost, weight 0.3), and SPP payment timeliness (C3, benefit, weight 0.2). The result is a web-based financial monitoring system prototype. MOORA calculation shows that Alternative-5 and Alternative-9 obtained the same highest optimization value of 0.1854, while Alternative-16 obtained the lowest value of -0.0225. This negative value is mathematically valid as a relative preference score, not a monetary amount. Black-box functional testing shows that all 11 main features are successfully implemented. This system is expected to help schools monitor, recapitulate, and make financial decisions more effectively, efficiently, and measurably.

Implementasi Optical Mark Recognition dengan Pendekatan Template-Based untuk Koreksi Otomatis Lembar Jawaban Pilihan Ganda

Novi Tristanti — 2026-10-13

Manual checking of multiple-choice answer sheets is time-consuming and labor-intensive, particularly when a large number of answer sheets need to be examined. Optical Mark Recognition (OMR) can be used to automate the image-based reading and correction of answer sheets. This study implements a computer vision-based OMR system that utilizes a blank answer sheet template as a reference for identifying mark changes in answer-choice areas. The system was developed using the Python programming language and the OpenCV library through several stages, including preprocessing, grayscale conversion, adaptive thresholding, contour detection, perspective correction, image alignment with the template, answer-area segmentation, answer identification, answer correction based on the answer key, and score calculation. The system was designed to recognize six output classes: A, B, C, D, E, and BLANK. Evaluation was conducted using 50 answer-sheet images, each containing 60 questions with five answer alternatives, resulting in 3,000 answer decisions and 15,000 answer-choice areas being analyzed. All 50 answer sheets were successfully processed during the validation stage. The evaluation results showed that 2,863 predictions were correctly identified and 137 predictions were incorrect, yielding an accuracy of 95.43%, macro precision of 95.62%, macro recall of 94.53%, and macro F1-score of 94.92%. Specific evaluation of the BLANK class achieved a precision of 100%, recall of 85.71%, and F1-score of 92.31%. These results indicate that the computer vision- and template-based OMR approach can be used to automatically read and correct answer sheets with good performance. Nevertheless, 18 answers that were actually blank were identified as one of the A–E options. This condition indicates that visual variations in answer areas can still affect the identification process; therefore, optimization of the template-comparison mechanism and testing under more diverse image conditions are required to improve the robustness of the system.

Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Peringatan Dini Kualitas Udara Yogyakarta Berbasis LSTM, SHAP, dan Fuzzy Tsukamoto

Zakki Farian — 2026-10-13

The escalating urban air pollution in Yogyakarta City, particularly fine particulate matter (PM2.5), demands an air quality monitoring system that is not merely reactive, but predictive and capable of guiding public policy mitigation. This research proposes an early warning Decision Support System (DSS) for air quality by integrating Multi-Output Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP), and Tsukamoto Fuzzy Logic. The Multi-Output LSTM network simultaneously forecasts six Air Pollutant Standard Index (ISPU) parameters based on historical sequences from the Air Quality Monitoring System (AQMS) station during 2021–2024. The SHAP method dismantles the black-box nature of the neural network to uncover atmospheric causality dynamics, while the Tsukamoto Fuzzy inference engine transforms raw numerical predictions into hazard alert levels and structured public health recommendations. Forecasting evaluation demonstrates high model accuracy, achieving Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) metrics of 4.82 for SO2, 1.86 for CO, 6.48 for PM10, 9.50 for PM2.5, 7.33 for O3, and 11.55 for NO2. SHAP feature attribution validated via statistical cross-correlation analysis confirms that PM2.5 concentration surges are significantly driven by precursor NO2 emissions with a 1-to-2-day lag (r = 0.2701, p < 0.001) through secondary photochemical reactions. DSS testing across six extreme weather scenarios proves the adaptive capability of the system in delivering proportional alerts. However, the system exhibits limitations including reliance on a single monitoring station and stochastic meteorological uncertainty requiring careful policy calibration.

Implementasi Pendekatan Ensemble Deep Learning untuk Klasifikasi Citra Ilustrasi Asli dan Hasil Generative AI

Ibni Haziq Pryandara — 2026-10-13

The rapid development of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) has increasingly enabled the creation of digital illustrations with high visual similarity to human-created artworks, making identification more difficult and raising challenges related to originality and copyright protection. However, research on Generative AI image detection has largely focused on photographic images or real-world objects, while the classification of digital illustrations with artistic characteristics and high visual similarity remains limited. This study aims to implement and evaluate an automated classification method to distinguish original illustrations from Generative AI-generated illustrations. The proposed approach employs Ensemble Deep Learning with a Soft Voting technique that combines MobileNetV2, ResNet50, and DenseNet121. The modeling process follows the CRISP-DM methodology and is evaluated using 5-Fold Stratified Cross Validation. Internal validation achieved an accuracy of 96.00% and an AUC of 99.06%. In external testing, accuracy reached 87.60% with an AUC of 95.09%, while individual-sample testing achieved an accuracy of 80.00%. The decrease in accuracy on external data indicates challenges in generalizing the model to data with characteristics different from those in the training and validation sets. This study contributes by applying and evaluating a Soft Voting Ensemble for classifying anime- and manga-style digital illustrations through internal validation, external testing, and individual-sample testing. The results indicate that this approach has the potential to distinguish original illustrations from Generative AI-generated illustrations, although further improvements in the model's generalization capability are needed.

Pengembangan Aplikasi Pengenalan Budaya Papua Berbasis Augmented Reality pada Platform Android

Edwinsyah Suryo Baskoro Zyevoi — 2026-10-16

Technological developments and globalization have contributed to a decline in younger generations’ interest in recognizing and preserving local culture, including Papuan culture, which is characterized by its diversity of tribes, languages, and traditions. Conventional cultural learning media are considered less effective in attracting users’ attention in the digital era. This study aims to develop an Augmented Reality (AR)-based application for introducing Papuan culture on Android devices as a more interactive and engaging learning medium. The research employed the Waterfall method consisting of requirements analysis, system design, implementation, and testing stages. The application was developed using Unity 3D and Vuforia SDK with a marker-based Augmented Reality approach to display cultural objects in three-dimensional (3D) form in real time. The results show that the application was successfully developed and all main features functioned properly according to the design, including marker scanning, 3D cultural object visualization, menu navigation, and supporting audio based on black box testing. The contribution of this study lies in developing a cultural introduction medium that integrates Augmented Reality technology with interactive visualization to enhance users’ learning experience and support the preservation of Papuan culture through a digital approach that is more adaptive to technological advancement.

Perbandingan Kinerja Algoritma Random Forest dan Xgboost Dalam Memprediksi Harga Bitcoin Menggunakan Indikator Teknikal

Ahmad Siddiq Fadhillah — 2026-10-16

The extreme volatility of crypto assets makes Bitcoin price movements notoriously difficult to predict using conventional linear forecasting approaches. This study aims to compare the performance of two machine learning algorithms Random Forest Regressor and XGBoost Regressor in projecting Bitcoin's closing price. A quantitative approach was employed using two years of historical time-series data, with the Simple Moving Average (SMA) and Relative Strength Index (RSI) serving as primary predictor features; both models were then comprehensively evaluated using absolute and percentage error metrics. Experimental results demonstrate that the XGBoost Regressor significantly outperformed the other model, achieving superior accuracy by minimizing error margins (MAE: 2327.81; RMSE: 2978.93; MAPE: 1.99%; R2: 0.4571), whereas the Random Forest model struggled to accurately capture volatile fluctuations (MAE: 2891.19; RMSE: 3619.53; MAPE: 2.53%; R2: 0.1984). Furthermore, the findings reveal that both algorithms largely disregarded momentum indicators, basing their predictions almost entirely on short-term average trend movements. In conclusion, XGBoost is empirically proven to be a far more robust and precise algorithm than Random Forest for modeling the anomaly-prone price dynamics of Bitcoin. The primary contribution of this research lies in providing empirical evidence regarding the effectiveness of the boosting paradigm over bagging for highly volatile crypto assets, as well as the direct implementation of the winning prediction architecture into an interactive Streamlit based dashboard to facilitate practical, real world investment decision making.

Rancang Bangun Sistem Keamanan Kotak Persembahan Gereja Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) Menggunakan Metode Research and Development (R&D)

Kasianus Yosef Yoel — 2026-10-16

The security of church offering boxes needs to be addressed to prevent unauthorized access and support more effective monitoring of the box condition. This study aims to design and develop an Internet of Things (IoT)-based security system for church offering boxes that can perform user authentication, control access to the lock, detect box opening conditions, and send security information in real time. The Research and Development (R&D) method was applied through the stages of requirements analysis, design, development, implementation, and prototype testing. The system combines a NodeMCU ESP8266, an AS608 fingerprint sensor, a solenoid lock, a magnetic door switch, an OLED display, and Telegram notification. The results showed that all three trials using registered fingerprints successfully granted access, while two trials using unregistered fingerprints were successfully rejected. The system also successfully delivered Telegram notifications in all five notification types, with response times ranging from 0.9 to 1.3 seconds. The lockdown mechanism was activated after five consecutive authentication failures for three minutes, forced opening detection operated successfully, and local security functions remained operational when the Wi-Fi connection was unavailable. The novelty of this study lies in integrating fingerprint authentication, forced-opening detection, a lockdown mechanism, Telegram-based control, and testing of local security functions under Wi-Fi loss in a single prototype for church offering boxes, using non-blocking firmware that prioritizes local processing (hardware-first). The contribution is the prototype design, this firmware architecture, and functional test data that can serve as a reference for developing similar systems.